技術資料

根據公共工程技術資料庫專案計畫，於中華民國 98年 3月 5日所頒布之修正條文（098 營建產字第09800000236號）：

1.2.1無收縮性水泥是由水泥、淨砂與無收縮附加劑(無收縮性水泥化學摻劑)經過適當之配比及均勻之拌和後而製成，其不得有收縮作用。
1.5.1 無收縮化學摻劑(1)無收縮化學摻劑料應屬非金屬氧化性產品，由工程師認可後方得使用。
2.1.4 無收縮水泥砂將不得有收縮作用(即收縮率為 0%)，依據 ASTM C827試驗之規定，終凝時膨脹率為 0.0-4.0%， 另依據 ASTM C1090試驗之規定，硬固後1,3,14及28天之膨脹率為 0.0-0.4%。

結論：

1.無收縮水泥砂漿之用設定水量非常嚴格，增加2%以上之用水誤差都可以造成泌水、收縮、降低強度等問題。倘若不審慎有效規範，將造成許多重大工程之嚴重後續問題。如橋樑耐震補強工程，將嚴重影響鋼板包覆與原有墩柱間之力量傳遞問題；不正確之現場添加料(腐蝕性),將影響鋼材之鏽蝕問題；橋樑伸縮縫澆置，將持續有破裂之現象發生等。以上除結構破壞之外，還影響到使用者之安全。

2.目前，國內之無收縮水泥砂漿灌注作業，多數承包商受限於成本考量，而採取工地現場拌合施工。價格低廉，施工品質不佳，監控檢驗不易! 倘若採用之膨脹添加劑不經嚴格控管，常有誤用不當之含腐蝕性摻劑易造成鋼板材腐蝕。
3.現場檢測： 業主、設計及監造單位也希望，能擬出一套【現場拌合無收縮水泥砂漿之管理檢測辦法】。經查閱紀錄，台灣高鐵速鐵路工程於施工期間，國外JV營造公司曾引用相關之無收縮水泥砂漿現場檢測作業程序，嚴格控制無收縮水泥砂漿品質，效果良好，值得參考。

同時，其他相關法規如下，可引用為【現場拌合無收縮水泥砂漿之檢測規範】： 檢測頻率、膨脹率

ASTM C827

Standard Test Method for Change in Height at Early Ages of Cylindrical Specimens from Cementitious Mixtures1
1.4 The phrase “early age change in height” as used herein, is defined as the measured increase or decrease in height of a laterally confined cylindrical test specimen from the time of casting to when the mixture becomes hard. The user may want to define this age as the time when a companion specimen of the same batch has reached the time of final setting by Test Method C 191 (paste), C 953 (mortar or grout), C 403 (concrete), or establish a predetermined age in minutes from the time the specimen is cast as the defined age to record the final measurement. Changes in height are measured and expressed as a positive or negative change in the height of a test specimen that is restrained from lateral movement.
7. Preparation of Mixtures
7.1 General—Bring all materials to a temperature of 21 6 3°C (or 70 6 5°F) before mixing. In the case of field-mixed materials (現場拌合材料), record the temperature of the mixture just prior to placing in a test cylinder as well as the ambient temperature of the test area immediately around the specimen. Proportion all materials by mass in accordance with the specifications for the cementitious mixtures to be tested.
7.2.2 Determine the consistency of the mixtures by the flow test in accordance with the applicable provisions of Method C109；if when this procedure is used, the flow after 5drops of the flow table in 3s is 145 or less. A plastic mixture should have a flow of 100 to 125, and a flowable mixture should have a flow of 125 to 145 when tested by the above modification of Method C109. Mixtures. Having greater fluidity should be tested using the flow cone procedure of Method C939. A fluid mixture should have a time of efflux of 10 to 30 s when tested by the flow cone procedure.
9.2 Test Measurements Note 4-Time of hardening may be taken as the time of final set as determined by C 191 for cement pastes, C 953 for mortars and grouts, and C 403 for concrete mixtures.

ASTM C953

Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory1
2.1 ASTM Standards: C 191 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle(維克針).
6. Test Sample
6.1 The test sample shall consist of at least 300 mL of grout taken from a freshly-mixed batch prepared in accordance with Practice C 938 obtained from a mixer at the laboratory or construction site(工地現場).

ASTM C191

Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle(維克針)

ASTM C938

Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete1
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:

ASTM C940

Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory1
9.2 When sampling and testing are being performed in the field, record the temperature of the grout sample and the ambient temperature of the area in which the test readings are made. Record the time interval between completion of mixing and start of test.

ASTM C1107

Standard Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-Cement Grout(Nonshrink)1